Objectives: To examine the knowledge and awareness among students of the Graduate University Study Programme of Nursing in Sveta Nedelja about a vision-screening programme for detecting amblyopia. To examine whether students are familiar with the importance of the programme in recognizing amblyopia, whether they are familiar with the success of amblyopia treatment if the condition is discovered on time, and examine students’ knowledge of amblyopia. Study design: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Subjects and methods: Respondents involved in this study were students in the first and second years of the Graduate University Study Programme of Nursing in the University (of Osijek’s) Sveta Nedelja campus. A total of 123 students participated in the anonymous survey questionnaire created for the purposes of this research. The questionnaire consisted of three parts. The first part collected general data on respondents, the second part examined their knowledge of amblyopia, and the third part comprised questions concerning the national preventive screening programme for the early detection of amblyopia. Results: More than half of the respondents believe that they are somewhat familiar with the national preventive screening programme. Only a fifth of respondents agreed that they had a very good knowledge of the national preventive screening programme for detecting amblyopia. The majority of respondents (82.9 %) believe that the preventive programme is important, and two thirds of the respondents know the exact age at which children undergo screening in the preventive programme. Just over a third of the respondents considered that amblyopia is curable if detected on time. Conclusion: The highest level of knowledge about amblyopia was shown by respondents who have children and by those with the most working experience. It was determined that knowledge gained during formal education did not influence their understanding of the amblyopia screening programme as much as years of experience of working in the profession, and parenting. The study confirms that the level of knowledge of nurses/technicians on the topic of amblyopia and its early detection could be improved. With better knowledge of both amblyopia and preventive vision screenings, nurses/technicians could participate in preventive measures and education in their communities.