Objectives: The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge and readiness to provide emergency medical assistance among dental medicine students in Osijek and dental medicine doctors in the Republic of Croatia. Study Design: Cross-sectional research was conducted in the Republic of Croatia. Participants and Methods: The study included 159 participants from the Republic of Croatia. The research was conducted from June to July 2024. Sixty-two participants were students from the Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health in Osijek, while the remaining participants were dental medicine doctors from Croatia. Individual questionnaires were designed for the research. The questionnaire contained 37 questions assessing the participants' knowledge, while the remaining questions pertained to general information. Results: The study included 159 participants, of which 62 (39%) were dental medicine students, and 97 (61%) were dental medicine doctors. The possible range of correct answers was from 0 to 33. The median number of correct answers in the student group was 24, ranging from 7 to a maximum of 30 correct answers, while in the dental medicine doctors’ group, the median was 22, ranging from 14 to a maximum of 31 correct answers. There is no significant difference in the levels of knowledge demonstrated by the two groups. Conclusion: The study revealed that both dental medicine students and dental medicine doctors demonstrated a similar level of knowledge regarding emergency medical conditions, as indicated by their median scores. Although the range of correct answers varied between the two groups, the differences in their assessment scores were not statistically significant. This suggests that dental education and professional practice both adequately prepare individuals in the field to handle emergency medical situations.