Introduction: The cause of breast cancer is not defined or known, but there are a number of factors that have a direct impact on the development of cancer, among which the most prominent is a positive family history. Women who have a genetic predisposition to breast cancer are two to four times more likely to develop cancer, especially those women who carry the BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 genes. Procedure: For the preparation of the graduate work, scientific and professional articles and websites will be reviewed, and four databases will be searched: Cochrane, Dabar, Hrčak and PubMed. Overwiev: Breast cancer is most commonly diagnosed by screening or self-examination. Self-examination can detect symptoms such as breast pain or palpable mass, which prompt a diagnostic examination. Mammography is considered the standard test for detecting breast cancer. Treatment of breast cancer is carried out according to the protocol, depending on the histological type of the tumor, the progress of the malignant process and the general condition of the organism. A multidisciplinary team participates in the treatment of breast cancer, and the combination of systemic and surgical treatment and radiation has proven to be the most optimal type of treatment. Advances in the diagnosis and treatment modalities of breast cancer have affected survival, but the complication rate has also increased after treatment. These primarily include pain, fatigue, muscle weakness, lymphedema, psychological problems (e.g., anxiety, depression, insomnia), cognitive impairment, but also postural changes. Conclusion: Physiotherapy intervention forms an important, necessary part of the rehabilitation process. It finds its role before surgery, in the acute phase of recovery, but also in the late phase of rehabilitation. In addition to kinesitherapy, electrotherapy procedures and manual techniques, the physiotherapist is obliged to educate the patient about the implementation of self-care measures in order to recover as quickly and optimally as possible.